Changes of biochemical parameters in normal weight and overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary Syndrome
-
Mahshad Sheikhi Narani
,
Akram Vatannejad
,
Asma Kheirollahi
,
Maryam Teimouri
,
Sara Bayat
,
Farah Jadidzadeh
Abstract
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disease in reproductiveage women, which interferes with fertility, menstruation, and body composition. Some biochemical parameters change in women with PCOS, a feature which can be a consequence of the disease itself or of the accompanying obesity. This study investigated the glucose and lipid profiles, sex hormones, and hsCRP in normal weight and overweight/ obese Iranian women with and without PCOS.
Methods: 314 women with PCOS and 138 healthy and fertile women were recruited for the study. The patients and controls were divided according to body mass index (BMI) into two groups as follows: BMI<25 Kg/m2 and BMI≥ 25 Kg/m2. Blood samples were collected from all participants to assess fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, lipid profile, FSH, LH, free testosterone, and hs-CRP levels. The homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated for assessing insulin sensitivity.
Results: BMI, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, FT, LH, and hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group, while lower levels of FSH were observed in comparison to non-PCOS women. Among overweight PCOS women, hs-CRP levels were significantly elevated compared to normal-weight PCOS women. However, there was no significant difference in circulating hs-CRP levels between normal-weight and overweight participants in the control group.
Conclusion: The study results suggest that both insulin resistance and an increase in hs-CRP may be relevant to PCOS. Moreover, the findings indicated that chronic inflammation in PCOS is not solely dependent on the pathogenesis of the disease but may be exacerbated by increased body weight.
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16. Tosi, F., M. Villani, M. Migazzi, G. Faccin, S. Garofalo, T. Fiers, et al., Insulin-mediated substrate use in women with different phenotypes of PCOS: the role of androgens. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2021. 106(9): p. e3414-e3425.
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2. Nima Taghizadeh , S.M., Vahid Saeedi, Ladan Haghighi, Mona Nourbakhsh, Mitra Nourbakhsh, Maryam Razzaghy Azar, Association between Steroid Hormones and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Acta Biochimnica Iranica, 2023. 1(1): p. 26-31.
3. Liu, Y.-N., Y. Qin, B. Wu, H. Peng, M. Li, H. Luo, et al., DNA methylation in polycystic ovary syndrome: Emerging evidence and challenges. Reproductive Toxicology, 2022. 111: p. 11-19.
4. Armanini, D., M. Boscaro, L. Bordin, and C. Sabbadin, Controversies in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PCOS: focus on insulin resistance, inflammation, and hyperandrogenism. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. 23(8): p. 4110.
5. Malamouli, M., I. Levinger, A.J. McAinch, A.J. Trewin, R.J. Rodgers, and A. Moreno-Asso, The mitochondrial profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: impact of exercise. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 2022. 68(3): p. R11-R23.
6. Sadeghi, H.M., I. Adeli, D. Calina, A.O. Docea, T. Mousavi, M. Daniali, et al., Polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathogenesis, management, and drug repurposing. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. 23(2): p. 583.
7. Escobar-Morreale, H.F., Polycystic ovary syndrome: definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2018. 14(5): p. 270-284.
8. Vatannejad, A. and A. Kheirollahi, Adiponectin/leptin and HOMA/adiponectin ratios in Iranian women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971-), 2023: p. 1-7.
9. Hossein Ghahremani, A.B., Kosar Bolandnazar , Solaleh Emamgholipor, Hossein Hosseini , Reza Meshkani Resveratrol as a Potential Protective Compound Against Metabolic Inflammation. Acta Biochimnica Iranica, 2023. 1(2): p. 50-64.
10. Eshre, R. and A.-S.P.C.W. Group, Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Human Reproduction (Oxford, England), 2004. 19(1): p. 41-47.
11. Hamidreza Shiri , A.K., Mahboobe Sattari , Samaneh Hemmati , Shadisadat Seyyedebrahimi, Ghodratollah Panahi Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Methanol Extract from Scrophularia striata. Acta Biochimica Iranica. 1(2): p. 71-77.
12. Messinis, I.E., C.I. Messini, G. Anifandis, and K. Dafopoulos, Polycystic ovaries and obesity. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2015. 29(4): p. 479-488.
13. Ujvari, D., M. Hulchiy, A. Calaby, Å. Nybacka, B. Byström, and A. Hirschberg, Lifestyle intervention up-regulates gene and protein levels of molecules involved in insulin signaling in the endometrium of overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Human reproduction, 2014. 29(7): p. 1526-1535.
14. Solaleh Emamgholipour, Z.M., Mohammad Talebpour , Sattar Gorgani-Firuzjaee, Arash Shirvani Homeostatic Model Assessment of β-cell Function May be an Emerging Predictor of Bone Resorption in Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity. Acta Biochimica Iranica, 2023. 1(2): p. 78-82.
15. Tosi, F., E. Bonora, and P. Moghetti, Insulin resistance in a large cohort of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparison between euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp and surrogate indexes. Human Reproduction, 2017. 32(12): p. 2515-2521.
16. Tosi, F., M. Villani, M. Migazzi, G. Faccin, S. Garofalo, T. Fiers, et al., Insulin-mediated substrate use in women with different phenotypes of PCOS: the role of androgens. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2021. 106(9): p. e3414-e3425.
17. Hoeger, K.M., A. Dokras, and T. Piltonen, Update on PCOS: consequences, challenges, and guiding treatment. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2021. 106(3): p. e1071-e1083.
18. Shorakae, S., S. Ranasinha, S. Abell, G. Lambert, E. Lambert, B. de Courten, et al., Inter‐related effects of insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, sympathetic dysfunction and chronic inflammation in PCOS. Clinical endocrinology, 2018. 89(5): p. 628-633.
19. Hossein Ghahremani, A.B., Kosar Bolandnazar , Solaleh Emamgholipor, Hossein Hosseini , Reza Meshkani Resveratrol as a Potential Protective Compound Against Metabolic Inflammation. Acta Biochimica Iranica, 2023. 1(2): p. 50-64.
20. Meshkani, R. and S. Vakili, Tissue resident macrophages: Key players in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Clinica chimica acta, 2016. 462: p. 77-89.
21. Sarma, S., Evaluation of serum hs-CRP concentrations in reproductive women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Biomedical Research, 2017. 28(5): p. 1984-1987.
22. Kaya, C., E. Akgül, and R. Pabuccu, C-reactive protein and homocysteine levels are associated with abnormal heart rate recovery in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility and sterility, 2010. 94(1): p. 230-235.
23. Pamuk, B.O., A.N. Torun, M. Kulaksizoglu, D. Ertugrul, O. Ciftci, S. Kulaksizoglu, et al., Asymmetric dimethylarginine levels and carotid intima-media thickness in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and their relationship to metabolic parameters. Fertility and sterility, 2010. 93(4): p. 1227-1233.
24. Çınar M, A.R., Güzel A, Tokmak A, Çandar T, TasÇçı Y, The Predictive Role of Serum Cystatin C Levels in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2016. 29(4) p. 353-6.
25. Ebrahimi, M., A.R. Heidari‐Bakavoli, S. Shoeibi, S.R. Mirhafez, M. Moohebati, H. Esmaily, et al., Association of serum hs‐CRP levels with the presence of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2016. 30(5): p. 672-676.
26. Oh, J.Y., J.-A. Lee, H. Lee, J.-Y. Oh, Y.-A. Sung, and H. Chung, Serum C-reactive protein levels in normal-weight polycystic ovary syndrome. The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2009. 24(4): p. 350.
27. Sadeghi, A., R. Fadaei, N. Moradi, F.Z. Fouani, M. Roozbehkia, Z. Zandieh, et al., Circulating levels of C1q/TNF‐α‐related protein 6 (CTRP6) in polycystic ovary syndrome. Iubmb Life, 2020. 72(7): p. 1449-1459.
28. Fouani, F.Z., R. Fadaei, N. Moradi, Z. Zandieh, S. Ansaripour, M.S. Yekaninejad, et al., Circulating levels of Meteorin-like protein in polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study. PloS one, 2020. 15(4): p. e0231943.
29. Vatannejad, A., F. Salimi, N. Moradi, F.Z. Fouani, Z. Zandieh, S. Ansaripour, et al., Evaluation of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) levels in polycystic ovary syndrome. Life Sciences, 2020. 263: p. 118595.
30. Esteghamati, A., H. Ashraf, O. Khalilzadeh, A. Zandieh, M. Nakhjavani, A. Rashidi, et al., Optimal cut-off of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome: third national surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in Iran (SuRFNCD-2007). Nutrition & metabolism, 2010. 7: p. 1-8.
31. Bjekić-Macut, J., T. Vukašin, Z. Velija-Ašimi, A. Bureković, M. Zdravković, Z. Andrić, et al., Polycystic ovary syndrome: a contemporary clinical approach. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2021. 27(36): p. 3812-3820.
32. Bell, G.A., R. Sundaram, S.L. Mumford, H. Park, J. Mills, E.M. Bell, et al., Maternal polycystic ovarian syndrome and early offspring development. Human Reproduction, 2018. 33(7): p. 1307-1315.
33. Zhao, H., J. Zhang, X. Cheng, X. Nie, and B. He, Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome across various tissues: An updated review of pathogenesis, evaluation, and treatment. Journal of Ovarian Research, 2023. 16(1): p. 9.
34. Corbould, A., Chronic testosterone treatment induces selective insulin resistance in subcutaneous adipocytes of women. Journal of Endocrinology, 2007. 192(3): p. 585-594.
35. Puttabyatappa, M., C. Lu, J.D. Martin, G. Chazenbalk, D. Dumesic, and V. Padmanabhan, Developmental programming: impact of prenatal testosterone excess on steroidal machinery and cell differentiation markers in visceral adipocytes of female sheep. Reproductive Sciences, 2018. 25: p. 1010-1023.
36. Paulukinas, R.D., C.A. Mesaros, and T.M. Penning, Conversion of classical and 11-oxygenated androgens by insulin-induced AKR1C3 in a model of human PCOS adipocytes. Endocrinology, 2022. 163(7): p. bqac068.
37. Kershaw, E.E. and J.S. Flier, Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2004. 89(6): p. 2548-2556.
38. Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., H. Kandarakis, and R.S. Legro, The role of genes and environment in the etiology of PCOS. Endocrine, 2006. 30: p. 19-26.
39. Meyer, C., B.P. McGrath, and H.J. Teede, Overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome have evidence of subclinical cardiovascular disease. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2005. 90(10): p. 5711-5716.
40. Grundy, S.M., J.I. Cleeman, S.R. Daniels, K.A. Donato, R.H. Eckel, B.A. Franklin, et al., Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement. Circulation, 2005. 112(17): p. 2735-2752.
41. Lord, J., R. Thomas, B. Fox, U. Acharya, and T. Wilkin, The effect of metformin on fat distribution and the metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome—a randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2006. 113(7): p. 817-824.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 1 No 3 (2023) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/abi.v1i3.14547 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Hs-CRP Insulin Resistance Obesity | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Sheikhi Narani M, Vatannejad A, Kheirollahi A, Teimouri M, Bayat S, Jadidzadeh F. Changes of biochemical parameters in normal weight and overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary Syndrome. ABI. 2023;1(3):119-125.
