Assessing the Possible Association between Polymorphism of C677T MTHFR with Preeclampsia Risk: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Hierarchical Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Objectives: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder with an incidence of 2-5% that causes the death of 40,000 women worldwide each year. Among different accepted etiologies, hyperhomocysteinemia has been shown to be a key player in the progression of PE. Considering the solid role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in the metabolism of homocysteine, genetic polymorphism of MTHFR that could affect its activity may trigger the risk of PE. This hierarchical Bayesian metaanalysis aimed to assess the possible association between C677T MTHFR polymorphism and the risk of PE.
Methods: In this study, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from 2000 until 2019 to evaluate the association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with the risk of PE in relevant case-control studies. The relevant studies were included regardless of population ethnicity and geographical limitation. The extracted data were statistically analyzed using a hierarchical Bayesian method and the association strength was estimated by log (OR) with a 95% credible interval.
Results: Thirty-three studies with 3930 cases and 5236 controls met our inclusion criteria. The pooled results indicated no significant effect of MTHFR C677T (C>T) on PE risk under allelic (log(OR) = 0.09, 95% CI = -0.02, 0.204), homozygous (log(OR) = 0.173, 95% CI = -0.027, 0.378), heterozygous (log(OR) = -0.009, 95% CI = -0.123, 0.104), dominant (log(OR) = 0.009, 95% CI = -0.109, 0.133), and recessive (log(OR) = 0.173, 95% CI = -0.012, 0.366) models.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that MTHFR C677T polymorphism had no significant effect on the risk of PE.
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2. Kupferminc MJ. Thrombophilia and preeclampsia: the evidence so far. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2005;48(2):406-15.
3. Rigo Jr J, Rigó J, Nagy B, Fintor L, Tanyi J, Beke A, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcome of preeclamptic pregnancies: the potential roles of factor V Leiden mutation and 5, 10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2000;19(2):163-72.
4. Roberts JM, Redman CW. Pre-eclampsia: more than pregnancy-induced hypertension. Lancet. 1993;341(8858):1447-51.
5. Villar J, Say L, Shennan A, Lindheimer M, Duley L, Conde‐Agudelo A, et al. Methodological and technical issues related to the diagnosis, screening, prevention, and treatment of pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2004;85:S28-S41.
6. Kupferminc MJ, Eldor A, Steinman N, Many A, Bar-Am A, Jaffa A, et al. Increased frequency of genetic thrombophilia in women with complications of pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(1):9-13.
7. Steegers-Theunissen R, Boers GJ, Blom H, Trijbels FM, Eskes TA. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and recurrent spontaneous abortion or abruptio placentae. Lancet. 1992;339(8801):1122-3.
8. Sohda S, Arinami T, Hamada H, Yamada N, Hamaguchi H, Kubo T. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism and pre-eclampsia. J Med Genet. 1997;34(6):525-6.
9. Prasmusinto D, Skrablin S, Hofstaetter C, Fimmers R, Van Der Ven K. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C→ T polymorphism and preeclampsia in two populations. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;99(6):1085-92.
10. Dávalos I-P, Olivares N, Castillo MT, Cantú J-M, Ibarra B, Sandoval L, et al. The C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in Mexican mestizo neural-tube defect parents, control mestizo and native populations. Ann Genet. 2000.
11. McColl M, Ellison J, Reid F, Tait R, Walker I, Greer I. Prothrombin 20210 G→ A, MTHFR C677T mutations in women with venous thromboembolism associated with pregnancy. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;107(4):565-9.
12. Frosst P, Blom H, Milos R, Goyette P, Sheppard CA, Matthews RG, et al. A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nat Genet. 1995;10(1):111.
13. Grandone E, Margaglione M, Colaizzo D, Cappucci G, Paladini D, Martinelli P, et al. Factor V Leiden, C> T MTHFR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to preeclampsia. Thromb Haemost. 1997;77(06):1052-4.
14. Chikosi A, Moodley J, Pegoraro R, Lanning P, Rom L. 5, 10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism in black South African women with pre‐eclampsia. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(11):1219-20.
15. Pegoraro RJ, Chikosi A, Rom L, Roberts C, Moodley J. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in black South Africans and the association with preeclampsia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2004;83(5):449-54.
16. Kaiser T, Brennecke SP, Moses EK. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms are not a risk factor for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Australian women. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2000;50(2):100-2.
17. Zeng X, Zhang Y, Kwong JS, Zhang C, Li S, Sun F, et al. The methodological quality assessment tools for preclinical and clinical studies, systematic review and meta‐analysis, and clinical practice guideline: a systematic review. J Evid Based Med. 2015;8(1):2-10.
18. Huedo-Medina TB, Sánchez-Meca J, Marín-Martínez F, Botella J. Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I² index? Psychol Methods. 2006;11(2):193.
19. Egger M, Smith GD, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629-34.
20. Yoshida A, Miura K, Nakayama D, Masuzaki H. Correlation between preeclampsia and prevalence of polymorphism of angiotensinogen, methyleneteterahydrofolate reductase and factor V, prothrombin genes among Japanese women. Acta Med Nagasakiensia. 2008;53(2):37-41.
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23. Rahimi Z, Malek-Khosravi S, Rahimi Z, Jalilvand F, Parsian A. MTHFR C677T and eNOS G894T variants in preeclamptic women: Contribution to lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Clin Biochem. 2013;46(1-2):143-7.
24. Zhang G, Zhao J, Yi J, Luan Y, Wang Q. Association between gene polymorphisms on Chromosome 1 and susceptibility to pre-eclampsia: An updated meta-analysis. Med Sci Monit Int Med J Exp Clin Res. 2016;22:2202.
25. Wang X-m, Wu H-y, Qiu X-j. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism and risk of preeclampsia: an updated meta-analysis based on 51 studies. Arch Med Res. 2013;44(3):159-68.
26. Yang B, Fan S, Zhi X, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang D, et al. Associations of MTHFR gene polymorphisms with hypertension and hypertension in pregnancy: a meta-analysis from 114 studies with 15411 cases and 21970 controls. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e87497.
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28. Mohammadi FS, Aslani S, Mostafaei S, Jamshidi A, Riahi P, Mahmoudi M. Are genetic variations in IL‐21–IL‐23R–IL‐17A cytokine axis involved in a pathogenic pathway of rheumatoid arthritis? Bayesian hierarchical meta‐analysis. J Cell Physiol. 2019.
29. Vanaki N, Kavosi H, Aslani S, Mostafaei S, Riahi P, Gharibdoost F, et al. Association between CD247 gene rs2056626 polymorphism and the risk of systemic sclerosis: Evidence from a systematic review and Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis. Meta Gene. 2019:100613.
30. Lunn D, Barrett J, Sweeting M, Thompson S. Fully Bayesian hierarchical modelling in two stages, with application to meta‐analysis. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat. 2013;62(4):551-72.
31. Wei C, Shouying Z, Ying G, Jie L, ZHANG J. Comparison between Fully Bayesian Hierarchical Meta-analysis and Classical Meta-analysis: A Monte Carlo Study Based on Correlation Coefficient. Metall Min Ind. 2015(9).
32. Leeda M, Riyazi N, de Vries JI, Jakobs C, van Geijn HP, Dekker GA. Effects of folic acid and vitamin B6 supplementation on women with hyperhomocysteinemia and a history of preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;179(1):135-9.
33. Khong T, Hague W. The placenta in maternal hyperhomocysteinaemia. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(3):273-8.
34. Kosmas IP, Tatsioni A, Ioannidis JP. Association of Leiden mutation in factor V gene with hypertension in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2003;21(7):1221-8.
35. Roberts J, Cooper DW. Pathogenesis and genetics of pre-eclampsia. Lancet. 2001;357(9249):53-6.
36. Morrison ER, Miedzybrodzka ZH, Campbell DM, Haites NE, Wilson BJ, Watson M, et al. Prothrombotic genotypes are not associated with pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension: results from a large population-based study and systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2002;87(05):779-85.
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38. Kobashi G, Yamada H, Asano T, Nagano S, Hata A, Kishi R, et al. Absence of association between a common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and preeclampsia in Japanese women. Am J Med Genet. 2000;93(2):122-5.
39. Klai S, Fekih-Mrissa N, El Housaini S, Kaabechi N, Nsiri B, Rachdi R, et al. Association of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism (but not of MTHFR C677T) with elevated homocysteine levels and placental vasculopathies. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2011;22(5):374-8.
40. YilmazILMAZ H, Ünlüçerçi NLÜÇERÇI Y, Gürdöl F, Isbilen E, Isbir T. Association of pre‐eclampsia with hyperhomocysteinaemia and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphism in a Turkish population. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;44(5):423-7.
41. Pertegal M, Fenoy FJ, Hernández M, Mendiola J, Delgado JL, Bonacasa B, et al. Fetal Val108/158Met catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism and placental COMT activity are associated with the development of preeclampsia. Fertil Steril. 2016;105(1):134-43.e3.
42. Nagy B, Hupuczi P, Papp Z. High frequency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677TT genotype in Hungarian HELLP syndrome patients determined by quantitative real-time PCR. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21(2):154.
43. Raijmakers MT, Zusterzeel PL, Steegers EA, Peters WH. Hyperhomocysteinaemia: a risk factor for preeclampsia? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;95(2):226-8.
44. Jafari A, Parchami S, Reiisi S, Miraj S. Association of plasma homocysteine, folic acid levels, and C677T polymorphism in methylene tetra hydrofolate reductase with risk of preeclampsia: a case-control study in Iranian women. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2018;45(3).
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46. Dissanayake VH, Sirisena ND, Weerasekera LY, Gammulla CG, Seneviratne HR, Jayasekara RW. Candidate gene study of genetic thrombophilic polymorphisms in pre‐eclampsia and recurrent pregnancy loss in Sinhalese women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2012;38(9):1168-76.
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62. Prasmusinto D, Skrablin S, Fimmers R, Van Der Ven K. Ethnic differences in the association of factor V Leiden mutation and the C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism with preeclampsia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2004;112(2):162-9.
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2. Kupferminc MJ. Thrombophilia and preeclampsia: the evidence so far. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2005;48(2):406-15.
3. Rigo Jr J, Rigó J, Nagy B, Fintor L, Tanyi J, Beke A, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcome of preeclamptic pregnancies: the potential roles of factor V Leiden mutation and 5, 10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2000;19(2):163-72.
4. Roberts JM, Redman CW. Pre-eclampsia: more than pregnancy-induced hypertension. Lancet. 1993;341(8858):1447-51.
5. Villar J, Say L, Shennan A, Lindheimer M, Duley L, Conde‐Agudelo A, et al. Methodological and technical issues related to the diagnosis, screening, prevention, and treatment of pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2004;85:S28-S41.
6. Kupferminc MJ, Eldor A, Steinman N, Many A, Bar-Am A, Jaffa A, et al. Increased frequency of genetic thrombophilia in women with complications of pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(1):9-13.
7. Steegers-Theunissen R, Boers GJ, Blom H, Trijbels FM, Eskes TA. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and recurrent spontaneous abortion or abruptio placentae. Lancet. 1992;339(8801):1122-3.
8. Sohda S, Arinami T, Hamada H, Yamada N, Hamaguchi H, Kubo T. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism and pre-eclampsia. J Med Genet. 1997;34(6):525-6.
9. Prasmusinto D, Skrablin S, Hofstaetter C, Fimmers R, Van Der Ven K. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C→ T polymorphism and preeclampsia in two populations. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;99(6):1085-92.
10. Dávalos I-P, Olivares N, Castillo MT, Cantú J-M, Ibarra B, Sandoval L, et al. The C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in Mexican mestizo neural-tube defect parents, control mestizo and native populations. Ann Genet. 2000.
11. McColl M, Ellison J, Reid F, Tait R, Walker I, Greer I. Prothrombin 20210 G→ A, MTHFR C677T mutations in women with venous thromboembolism associated with pregnancy. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;107(4):565-9.
12. Frosst P, Blom H, Milos R, Goyette P, Sheppard CA, Matthews RG, et al. A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nat Genet. 1995;10(1):111.
13. Grandone E, Margaglione M, Colaizzo D, Cappucci G, Paladini D, Martinelli P, et al. Factor V Leiden, C> T MTHFR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to preeclampsia. Thromb Haemost. 1997;77(06):1052-4.
14. Chikosi A, Moodley J, Pegoraro R, Lanning P, Rom L. 5, 10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism in black South African women with pre‐eclampsia. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(11):1219-20.
15. Pegoraro RJ, Chikosi A, Rom L, Roberts C, Moodley J. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in black South Africans and the association with preeclampsia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2004;83(5):449-54.
16. Kaiser T, Brennecke SP, Moses EK. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms are not a risk factor for pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Australian women. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2000;50(2):100-2.
17. Zeng X, Zhang Y, Kwong JS, Zhang C, Li S, Sun F, et al. The methodological quality assessment tools for preclinical and clinical studies, systematic review and meta‐analysis, and clinical practice guideline: a systematic review. J Evid Based Med. 2015;8(1):2-10.
18. Huedo-Medina TB, Sánchez-Meca J, Marín-Martínez F, Botella J. Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I² index? Psychol Methods. 2006;11(2):193.
19. Egger M, Smith GD, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629-34.
20. Yoshida A, Miura K, Nakayama D, Masuzaki H. Correlation between preeclampsia and prevalence of polymorphism of angiotensinogen, methyleneteterahydrofolate reductase and factor V, prothrombin genes among Japanese women. Acta Med Nagasakiensia. 2008;53(2):37-41.
21. Williams M, Sanchez S, Zhang C, Bazul V. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C→ T polymorphism and plasma folate in relation to pre-eclampsia risk among Peruvian women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2004;15(5):337-44.
22. Salimi S, Saravani M, Yaghmaei M, Fazlali Z, Mokhtari M, Naghavi A, et al. The early-onset preeclampsia is associated with MTHFR and FVL polymorphisms. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;291(6):1303-12.
23. Rahimi Z, Malek-Khosravi S, Rahimi Z, Jalilvand F, Parsian A. MTHFR C677T and eNOS G894T variants in preeclamptic women: Contribution to lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Clin Biochem. 2013;46(1-2):143-7.
24. Zhang G, Zhao J, Yi J, Luan Y, Wang Q. Association between gene polymorphisms on Chromosome 1 and susceptibility to pre-eclampsia: An updated meta-analysis. Med Sci Monit Int Med J Exp Clin Res. 2016;22:2202.
25. Wang X-m, Wu H-y, Qiu X-j. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism and risk of preeclampsia: an updated meta-analysis based on 51 studies. Arch Med Res. 2013;44(3):159-68.
26. Yang B, Fan S, Zhi X, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang D, et al. Associations of MTHFR gene polymorphisms with hypertension and hypertension in pregnancy: a meta-analysis from 114 studies with 15411 cases and 21970 controls. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e87497.
27. Kosmas IP, Tatsioni A, Ioannidis JP. Association of C677T polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene with hypertension in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2004;22(8):1655-62.
28. Mohammadi FS, Aslani S, Mostafaei S, Jamshidi A, Riahi P, Mahmoudi M. Are genetic variations in IL‐21–IL‐23R–IL‐17A cytokine axis involved in a pathogenic pathway of rheumatoid arthritis? Bayesian hierarchical meta‐analysis. J Cell Physiol. 2019.
29. Vanaki N, Kavosi H, Aslani S, Mostafaei S, Riahi P, Gharibdoost F, et al. Association between CD247 gene rs2056626 polymorphism and the risk of systemic sclerosis: Evidence from a systematic review and Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis. Meta Gene. 2019:100613.
30. Lunn D, Barrett J, Sweeting M, Thompson S. Fully Bayesian hierarchical modelling in two stages, with application to meta‐analysis. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat. 2013;62(4):551-72.
31. Wei C, Shouying Z, Ying G, Jie L, ZHANG J. Comparison between Fully Bayesian Hierarchical Meta-analysis and Classical Meta-analysis: A Monte Carlo Study Based on Correlation Coefficient. Metall Min Ind. 2015(9).
32. Leeda M, Riyazi N, de Vries JI, Jakobs C, van Geijn HP, Dekker GA. Effects of folic acid and vitamin B6 supplementation on women with hyperhomocysteinemia and a history of preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;179(1):135-9.
33. Khong T, Hague W. The placenta in maternal hyperhomocysteinaemia. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(3):273-8.
34. Kosmas IP, Tatsioni A, Ioannidis JP. Association of Leiden mutation in factor V gene with hypertension in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2003;21(7):1221-8.
35. Roberts J, Cooper DW. Pathogenesis and genetics of pre-eclampsia. Lancet. 2001;357(9249):53-6.
36. Morrison ER, Miedzybrodzka ZH, Campbell DM, Haites NE, Wilson BJ, Watson M, et al. Prothrombotic genotypes are not associated with pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension: results from a large population-based study and systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2002;87(05):779-85.
37. Kim YJ, Williamson RA, Murray JC, Andrews J, Pietscher JJ, Peraud PJ, et al. Genetic susceptibility to preeclampsia: Roles of cytosine-to-thymine substitution at nucleotide 677 of the gene for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, 68–base pair insertion at nucleotide 844 of the gene for cystathionine β-synthase, and factor V Leiden mutation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;184(6):1211-7.
38. Kobashi G, Yamada H, Asano T, Nagano S, Hata A, Kishi R, et al. Absence of association between a common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and preeclampsia in Japanese women. Am J Med Genet. 2000;93(2):122-5.
39. Klai S, Fekih-Mrissa N, El Housaini S, Kaabechi N, Nsiri B, Rachdi R, et al. Association of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism (but not of MTHFR C677T) with elevated homocysteine levels and placental vasculopathies. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2011;22(5):374-8.
40. YilmazILMAZ H, Ünlüçerçi NLÜÇERÇI Y, Gürdöl F, Isbilen E, Isbir T. Association of pre‐eclampsia with hyperhomocysteinaemia and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphism in a Turkish population. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;44(5):423-7.
41. Pertegal M, Fenoy FJ, Hernández M, Mendiola J, Delgado JL, Bonacasa B, et al. Fetal Val108/158Met catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism and placental COMT activity are associated with the development of preeclampsia. Fertil Steril. 2016;105(1):134-43.e3.
42. Nagy B, Hupuczi P, Papp Z. High frequency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677TT genotype in Hungarian HELLP syndrome patients determined by quantitative real-time PCR. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21(2):154.
43. Raijmakers MT, Zusterzeel PL, Steegers EA, Peters WH. Hyperhomocysteinaemia: a risk factor for preeclampsia? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;95(2):226-8.
44. Jafari A, Parchami S, Reiisi S, Miraj S. Association of plasma homocysteine, folic acid levels, and C677T polymorphism in methylene tetra hydrofolate reductase with risk of preeclampsia: a case-control study in Iranian women. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2018;45(3).
45. Ibrahim ZM, Metawie MAE, El-Baz AM, El-Bahie MA. Methylenetetrahydrofolate C677T polymorphism and pre-eclamptic Egyptian women. Middle East Fertil Soc J. 2012;17(2):105-10.
46. Dissanayake VH, Sirisena ND, Weerasekera LY, Gammulla CG, Seneviratne HR, Jayasekara RW. Candidate gene study of genetic thrombophilic polymorphisms in pre‐eclampsia and recurrent pregnancy loss in Sinhalese women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2012;38(9):1168-76.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 1 No 1 (2023) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/abi.v1i1.14058 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Preeclampsia Polymorphism Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Mohassel Y, Asadi S, Mostafae S, Taghi Goodarzi M. Assessing the Possible Association between Polymorphism of C677T MTHFR with Preeclampsia Risk: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Hierarchical Meta-Analysis. ABI. 2023;1(1):3-11.
