Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Biochimica Iranica 0001-5261 2 3 2024 09 25 119 124 Ghahraman Abedi Firouzjaei Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sattar Gorgani-Firuzjaee Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 05 23 Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.  Infectious diseases by various viruses can impact humans’ health. It has been demonstrated that antiviral medications may be linked to the development of diabetes or exacerbation of existing diabetes mellitus. This mini review aims to summarize the current evidence on the effects of antiviral agents on blood glucose levels. The studies revealed that some antiviral drugs, such as Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Interferon-α, Lopinavir, Ritonavir, and Zidovudine, have the potential to increase the risk of development of diabetes mellitus or worsen existing diabetes. While Raltegravir's impact on diabetes mellitus is controversial. Therefore, it can be suggested the measurement of blood glucose, insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet cell autoantibody levels before and during the antiviral therapy. https://abi.tums.ac.ir/index.php/abi/article/view/116 https://abi.tums.ac.ir/index.php/abi/article/download/116/64